• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    PURPOSE: A synchronous element of a synchronous gripping device is provided to prevent the weak point generated in the cutting process, the assembling of a stop element and the thrust block. CONSTITUTION: The synchronous element of a synchronous gripping device of a transmission has:a driving collar(15a); a sleeve guide(15b) sliding along the central shaft of the vertical direction of synchronous elements(15, 27), accepting the slide sleeve for preventing the twist to the circumferential direction, having a holder(19) on its outer circumference and combining a thrust block(26) with a stop element(24) which accepts the load of a spring in the holder(19).
    公开号:KR20000011865A
    申请号:KR1019990029471
    申请日:1999-07-21
    公开日:2000-02-25
    发明作者:슈브거요세프；말리크라인하르트；마르틴라이너
    申请人:제스 칼스텐센, 마티아스 베커；아이엔에이 뵐즈라거 쉐플러 오하게；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Synchronizing assembly with synchronized thrust block of transmission with driving collar and sleeve guide
    The object of the present invention is to allow for almost unlimited geometry in its production in economic production, especially in high volume production, and to avoid the above disadvantages derived from cutting and assembly of the stop element and also from the thrust block. To provide a type of motivational element.
    According to the part shown in claim 1, the synchronizing element is composed of two symmetrical, symmetrical main sections or different left and right sections, each of which is made of individual parts and then the transverse center or separating surface of the synchronizing element. It is solved by forming a holder of the stationary element and / or the thrust block between the cross sections and joined to one another in the area.
    These cross sections are produced as separate parts, in particular in a no-cut forming process, and then joined together in the transverse center plane or separation plane area of the synchronous element. Representative examples of many joining methods are welding and riveting. The same can be considered for joining the cross sections together with screws. The advantage of the synchronous element constructed in this form is that the parts can be different in the front, for example in different spaces in the front. Since the inner contour constituting the holder is inserted in one or more of the two cross-sections during its manufacture, it is possible to omit a costly insertion of the holder on the outer periphery of the synchronous element. This contour is thus particularly open to the transverse intermediate plane, whereby a limit is made, in which case it forms a symmetrical half (1/2) which forms the plane of symmetry of the holder. When the cross sections are combined, the symmetrical halves of the holder (1/2) are exactly in place. Accordingly, a pocket holder is formed between the cross sections.
    This contour is particularly simple and economical, and the groove of the synchronous element is inserted in which at least the synchronous element part, as in the advantageous forms of claims 2 and 3, is cut or advantageously produced by plastic working both parts.
    As a raw material for the production of such a synchronous element, a steel sheet or a strip material is formed into a specified dimension by cutting and plastic working.
    Therefore, the thickness of the raw material and its weight are determined by the functional requirements and the required strength of the finished product. The protrusions and grooves are of almost any shape while their shape is usually inserted by means of puncher punching and embossing.
    The micromachining motive element receives little shrinkage in its spatial-geometric form, in which they consist of elements manufactured by separate plastic working methods, which are first molded into individual parts. For example, a single contact surface connecting the symmetrical half of the holder and the synchronous element can be formed into parts.
    Most of the raw materials used for fabrication are actually used to form the geometric shape of the synchronous element and there is no loss due to the expensive cutting process. The plastically processed motive element is thus also sufficient to maintain its function and strength without giving excess material at all. When the synchronous element is manufactured by plastic working, the loss of cutting residue is relatively small. Synchronous ring by plastic processing is material texture type, so material cost is low. Since there is no excess material remaining in the finished parts of these synchronous elements, it is very lightweight, very resilient to vibration and shock, and cushions. By using the synchronous element by plastic working, that is, on the one hand, it contributes to the reduction of the total weight of the vehicle and, on the other hand, increases the speed riding comfort.
    Due to the high degree of precision of parts manufactured by modern plastic machining methods, the part of cutting compensation machining has been reduced to a minimum or omitted at all. Another advantage of the plastically processed synchronous element is that time-consuming cutting is omitted, thereby reducing its manufacturing time. The cost savings, which are suitable for the assembly of the synchronous bite device, are as described in claim 4 when the unit consists of a stop ball, a spring and a housing, for example, and is guided in a non-separated state between the parts of the synchronous element in its holder. to be. The synchronous element thus forms an assembly unit.
    Other shapes of the invention are contemplated in accordance with claim 5 wherein a fixing element such as a stop ball or stop pin is fixedly attached in the holder of the synchronous element with or without the spring element.
    It is also advisable to insert the thrust block into this holder for non-separable attachment during assembly of the synchronous element. When assembling the synchronous device by such an assembly unit, the individual assembly that wastes the time of the thrust block or the stop element is omitted, thereby saving time and money.
    An optional type of synchronization element according to the invention is described in claim 6. The assembling unit of the synchronous element is formed of two particularly plastically manufactured parts so that a thrust block subjected to a spring load is accommodated in its holder. The thrust block is recessed in the groove with the compression end arranged opposite him. The grooves are contained in the holder wall, in which the thrust block is arranged along the axial direction, ie the longitudinal center of the synchronous element. The compression end then extends along the outside of the holder.
    The fastening of each thrust block is thus carried out by coil springs supported at the bottom of the synchronous element holder and at the thrust block on the other, which thrust block is loaded out radially.
    The compression ends are then spring-loaded and pressurized against the upper edge of the groove. The thrust block is thus detachable from the synchronous element only with respect to the spring resistance and does not fall out, for example during transport and handling. The spring initial stress acts simultaneously in the entire sync unit so that the thrust block and the slide sleeve are seated as they snap into the stop grooves of the slide sleeve.
    Similar effects are obtained when the thrust blocks distributed around each thrust block acting simultaneously on all thrust blocks without being stressed individually by the springs are stressed by the ring springs.
    The thrust blocks are in place during assembly in both cases of transport and handling.
    If one spring is to be omitted, this type of thrust block can be held in the synchronous element without a spring. This is possible, for example, when the element of the thrust block is larger than the free end face of the groove containing the compression end, as seen in cross section. The thrust block is inserted between these parts prior to attaching the synchronous element part and by fitting the solution parts together such a thrust block remains fixed in the holder as the element can slide through the groove by its larger cross section. .
    Claim 7 specifies a form of the invention similar to that described in Claim 6. However, instead of the thrust block, one unit remains unseparated in the holder of the sync element.
    This unit is used as a stop element and a thrust block, and consists of a stop ball and a housing subjected to initial stress by a compression spring, for example. Stop pins may also be considered as stop elements. The housing of this unit has a pressure-bonded plate in which the compression end is pushed against the synchronous ring before synchronization, as in the case of thrust blocks.
    Within the holder there is a space along the axis in which the thrust block can move the axial distance required for synchronization biting.
    The insertion of elastic or cushioning elements in this space between the wall and the housing is also contemplated.
    By these factors, for example, shocks or vibrations generated during shifting may be influenced to cushion or shift. The gravitational force acting by the slide sleeve decomposes into two components at the stopball.
    One component acts to push the housing along the axial direction by the pressure plate against the synchronous ring and the other component strikes the stop ball when the stop ball is pressurized from the stop groove. The structural unit is inserted into the groove by a pressure plate into the holder before attaching the symmetrical elements between the cross sections, and then the symmetrical parts of the synchronous elements are joined together.
    The position of the pressure plate and the groove can be adjusted within a certain limit to the type, in particular the diameter of the synchronous ring, to be joined thereto. If, for example, it is necessary to use a synchronous ring with a smaller or larger diameter, the position of the pressure contact surface in the housing and the groove can be adjusted according to the changed diameter of the synchronous ring in the radial direction at the part of the synchronous element. Accordingly, the required mold change is limited by the position of the pressure bonding plate and the space.
    By limiting the number of parts in this way expected, for example, the type 2 cost is reduced, so the savings are enormous.
    The shape of the synchronous ring is also simple, as it is often a stopper of the thrust block until now to compensate for the diameter change.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to allow a shape that is almost unrestricted in its production during economic production, especially in mass production, and to overcome the disadvantages arising from the assembly of the stopper element and also the cutting of the synchronous element such as the thrust block. One motivation for this type of avoidance is to provide.
    In the synchronizing element of a synchronous device for a transmission having a boss driving eollar and a sleeve guide,
    -Rotationally fixed by the boss and mounted on the transmission shaft, at least in series with the switchable gearshift,
    -His driving collar and sleeve guide are combined with each other by rotation fixing,
    Its sleeve guide slides along the longitudinal intermediate axis of the synchronous element arranged on its outer circumference and receives a torsionally fixed slide sleeve in the circumferential direction whereby an outer tooth is formed on the outer sleeve of the slide sleeve and the sleeve guide slides with this outer tooth. I am bitten by the inner tooth of the sleeve.
    3261-10-DE
    And its sleeve guide is provided with a holder at its periphery, which holds a spring loaded stop element or a spring loaded thrust block or a combination of stop elements and slab blocks, wherein the stop element or The combination of thrust block or stop element and thrust block acts together with the slide sleeve and / or one synchronous ring as a separate component or as a component by housing.
    In modern manual transmissions, a synchronous bite is applied to allow shifting in a stable manner between individual shift stages. In the shifting process, the circumferential speed of the gear shifts coincides with the circumferential speed of the gear shaft by means of various elements of the synchronous clutch, and a fixed coupling between the gear shaft and the shift gear is achieved.
    Various embodiments of a synchronous bite are described in Johan Luman's German book "Gearbox", 1996, published on page 452. The synchronizing element is then one major component of the synchronizing device. By means of the synchronous element, the transmission shaft and the slide sleeve of the synchronous clutch are coupled to each other by rotational fixing. This is generally such that the synchronous element is engaged with the transmission shaft in the key or tooth formed on its boss on the one hand in shape fixing in the circumferential direction and on the other hand sliding along the longitudinal intermediate axis of the transmission shaft in the outer gear of its slide carrier. It is done by being accepted. Moreover, the synchronous element is useful as a stopper and guide element of the synchronous- or friction ring, depending on its type. For this purpose there is at least a through hole or projection in the front thereof, in which a carrier cam of a pin or synchronous ring or friction ring is fitted. In addition, the synchronous element has stop holders such as stop pins and stop balls and machining holders for the thrust block at equal intervals on its outer periphery. The stop sleeves are in their intermediate position when the gear shift is not switched at all. At this time, the stop element is pushed into the stop groove of the slide sleeve under the initial stress of the spring, or the stop element acts on the thrust block accommodated in the stop groove of the slide sleeve again. The front face of the synchronous element is often useful as a contact surface of adjacent transmission gears either directly or by means of intermediate elements such as disks. In transmissions, it is common to place a synchronous bite between two gearshifts on the transmission shaft. By means of a synchronous gripping device, it is possible to selectively engage the transmission shaft by fixing the shift gear disposed on the left side of the apparatus or the shift gear disposed on the right side of the apparatus. The synchronizing element has a structure in which the carrier cam of the inner synchronizing ring can be inherently fixed in shape when the slide sleeve disposed thereon is slidable left and right and, for example, in double cone synchronization on both sides.
    In general, the left and right shift gears have the same type of connection elements, so the synchronization elements are also symmetrical.
    However, there are also various applications, in which the structural differences between the left and right shift gears are not so large as in the case of the forward and reverse shift coupling, for example. Even in this case, there is a difference in the structural form of the left and right parts of the synchronization element.
    In this type of synchronous clutch device, the thrust block in the synchronous element holder is used for the movement of the intermediate ring prior to synchronization during the shifting process, i.e. for the friction surface of the neighboring clutch body or for example in the dual-cone traction machine of the synchronous clutch. useful. The thrust block is stressed in the stop groove of the slide sleeve, either by one or two springs or by a stop pin or stop ball subjected to one initial stress, depending on the type of synchronous device.
    As the slide sleeve moves axially for shifting, it is pushed against the synchronous ring in the axial direction to one compression end according to the inner contour of its stop groove. The synchronous ring is thereby pressed against the friction surface.
    The structure and teeth of the synchronous element, the shape of the concave and / or longitudinal grooves, depend on the structure of the coupling element and the manner of operation. Thus, for example, the concave surfaces in the front may be through holes or pocket holes or long holes. Holders distributed around the stop-and-compression element can likewise be formed with different types of pocket holes or length grooves. Synchronous elements of the synchronous gripping device are parts which are partly very complex and complex in structure or type in accordance with the above requirements.
    The type of synchronous element is described in DE 195 80 558 C1. The synchronizing element is engaged with the internal tooth on the transmission shaft and takes one disc sleeve with the external gear on its periphery. The synchronizing element contains one thrust block composed of parts.
    The thrust block is then constructed with the base by means of a sleeve-like housing, into which a stop ball and a compression spring are assembled. The housing of the strut block has a guide plate for guiding the unit parts in a T-shaped groove of the synchronous element.
    The manufacture of such a motive element is made entirely of cutting processing of materials or cutting compensation processing, especially in mass production, so that the processing cost is expensive and expensive until now. For this reason, the design type of the synchronous element has frequently attempted to make a trade-off between the variety of its functionally necessary shape and its cost of production, which is hardly burdened by optimal function to date. Motives are therefore often very dense and closed. As such, they have a relatively heavy weight and material portion and are extremely hard and closed. This adversely affects the material consumption, the total weight of the transmission, the transmission of vibrations such as impact, and the oil circulation in the synchronous bite device in the manufacture of the synchronous element.
    When assembling a synchronous gripper, thrust blocks, stop pins, compression springs or single parts are inserted separately in the synchronous element as separate parts. At the same time, it is important to note that in synchronous devices, these elements are generally distributed circumferentially.
    Accordingly, assembly is complicated and time-consuming. In addition, quality problems may occur, for example, by missing individual elements during assembly.
    Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to allow a shape that is hardly restricted in economical production, especially in mass production, thereby avoiding the disadvantages caused by cutting and assembly of the stop element and assembly of the thrust block. It is intended to provide one of the types of motivation.
    The invention has been described as follows by way of several embodiments, the content of which is as follows:
    1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a dual cone synchronous bite device having a thrust block loaded by a ring spring;
    2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a symmetrical component of a sync element;
    3 shows an embodiment of the type according to the invention of the synchronizing element of an assembly having a structural unit consisting of a thrust block and a stationary element,
    4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the synchronous element according to line 4 in FIG.
    5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in the structural unit shown in FIG.
    Figure 6 is an embodiment of the type according to the invention of the synchronous element as an assembly with thrust blocks under spring load.
    FIG. 1 is one example of another embodiment of a single synchronous device according to the prior art and is cited in INA-Promoter "Application of shifting in a vehicle-transmission, the same product".
    This embodiment of a double-cone synchronous bit is used to describe the function of a conventional synchronous bit device with a thrust block.
    The synchronizing element 1 is arranged so as not to be twisted to the transmission shaft 3 by the gear 2. Shift gears 4 and 5 supported by the needle bearing are assembled on both sides of the synchronous element 1. On the outer circumference of the slide body, a slide sleeve 6 which can be perturbed along the axial direction is disposed, in which the stop groove 7 bites the thrust block 8. The thrust block 8 is accommodated in the longitudinal groove 9 of the synchronous element 1 and is actuated by the two ring springs 10 in the outer diameter direction of the synchronous element 1 to the stop 7 of the slide rib. We are in contact with.
    The ring spring 10 is at the same time in contact with the thrust block 8 which is not evenly distributed and is distributed around another two or three. The slide sleeve 6 is in the intermediate position. In the intermediate position, the gears 4 and 5 rotate freely on the transmission shaft. By sliding the slide sleeve 6 in the axial direction, it is possible to engage with the transmission shaft 3 by means of the synchronous element 1 under one of the two transmission gears 4 and 5. The pressure springs 8, which are not even and distributed evenly around the other two or three by the ring spring 10, are loaded at the same time. The slide sleeve 6 is in the center position. In the center position, the gear shifts 4 and 5 can freely rotate on the drive shaft 3. The slide sleeve 6 is pushed in the axial direction to select one of the two shifting gears 4 and 5 and to be engaged with the drive shaft 3 by the synchronous element 1. The outer synchronizing ring 11, the intermediate ring 12 and the inner synchronizing ring 13 are elements which at the same time brake the rotation of the gear 4 or 5. During the shift, the thrust block 8 is first pushed for the first synchronizing with respect to the external synchronizing ring 11 by the axial movement of the slide sleeve 6. The outer synchronizing ring 11 acts on the intermediate ring 12 with its friction surface, which in turn is engaged with the gear 4 or 5 by means of a nose 12a = nose.
    This action of the friction surface acts as a brake on the rotational speed of the transmission gear (4) or (5) and is supported by the additional friction action of the inner synchronous ring (13), which in turn is fixed to the synchronous element (1). It is. The looking gear 11 of the outer synchronous element 11 has a coupling gear 4a or 5a of the shift gear in advance of the inner gear 6a of the slide sleeve 6, i.e., before prescoring. To interlock. This locking action is released only when the same rotational speed is reached between the respective transmission gears 4 or 5 and the transmission shaft 3. When the shaft 3 and the shift gear 4 or 5 are in the same rotation, the internal gear 6a is pushed to the coupling gear 4a or 5a by the locking gear 11a.
    The shaft 3 is thus rotationally coupled with the gear 4 or 5 accordingly.
    FIG. 2 shows one example of the synchronous element cross section 14 made of steel sheet by plastic working. In the end face 14, the outer tooth 16, the inner tooth 17, the gear tooth contact surface 18 and the 1/2 symmetric part 19a of the synchronous element holder 19 are formed by plastic working.
    The shape of the synchronous element 15 as an assembly unit can be taken in FIG. 3. In the synchronizing element 15, three components 20 which are evenly distributed around are arranged. The synchronizing element 15 is shown in the longitudinal section along the line IV passing through the synchronizing element according to Fig. 3, as in Fig. 4, and consists of a cross-section 21 of two symmetrical structures. The end face 21 is joined at its front face to form the holder 19. In the holder 19 a single component 20 is housed, which consists of a housing 22 with a pressure leaf 22a, a compression spring 23 and a stop ball 24.
    The component 20 is inserted into the space 19 along the axial direction by means of a pressure plate 22a. The stop ball 24 is received in the cup-shaped housing 22 and is loaded by the compression spring 23. The compression spring 23 is supported at the bottom of the housing 22 and stresses the stop ball 24 against the hole 22 of the housing 22. The stop ball 24 is located at the boundary of the hole 22b.
    As shown in FIG. 5, the holder 19 has a guide surface 19d on its side and prevents the component 20 from twisting around its own intermediate axis.
    6 shows another embodiment of a plastically processed synchronous element 27. A compression spring 25 is supported at the bottom of the holder 19, which holds the plastic working thrust block 26 against the top 19C of the holder.
    The compression end 26a is moved along the axial direction into the space 19b.
    By producing plastic parts instead of cutting, the synchronization elements can be manufactured economically during mass production, contributing to cost reduction of the apparatus.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] In the synchronous elements 15, 27 of the synchronous device of the transmission with the driving collar 15a and the sleeve give 15b,
    Rotationally fixed by means of a driving collar 15a and at least a shift gear arranged successively on the transmission shaft,
    Its driving collar 15a and sleeve guide 15b are coupled to each other by rotational fixation,
    Its sleeve guide 15b is located on its outer periphery along the longitudinal central axis of the synchronous elements 15, 27 and is externally squeezed on the outer circumference of the sleeve guide 15b for receiving a sliding and circumferentially anti-twist slide sleeve. A car 16 is formed and the sleeve guide 15b snaps this external tooth 16 into the internal tooth of the slide sleeve,
    Its sleeve guide 15b has a holder 19 at its periphery and within which is a spring loaded stop element 24 or a spring loaded thrust block 26 or stop element 24. ) And the thrust block 26 are incorporated so that the stop element 24 and the thrust block 26 are integrated into one component unit 20 as a separate component or by a housing 22, and the slide sleeve and And / or interact with the synchronizing ring, the synchronizing elements 15 and 27 being composed of two parts 14 and 21 and manufactured separately, then being joined to each other at the separation surface of the synchronizing elements 15 and 27 The synchronization element 15, 27, characterized in that the holder 19 is formed between the fields 14, 21.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    The synchronizing element (15,27) is composed of at least one component produced by plastic working.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    The synchronous element is a synchronous element, characterized in that the cross section (14, 21) is manufactured by plastic working as a separate part.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    The constituent unit (20) is characterized in that the synchronization element (15, 27) is installed in the holder (19) without missing.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    The stop element (24) is characterized in that it is accommodated in the holder of the sync element (15,27) without missing.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    The thrust block 26 is freely held along the longitudinal intermediate axis of the synchronous element by the space of the holders 19 which are completely contained within the holders 19 and oppose each other at oppositely opposite pressure ends 26a. It is installed to move and the pressure end (26a) is a synchronous element, characterized in that it is pinched in the space (19) and protrudes over the outside of the synchronous element (15,27) holder (19).
    [7" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    The component 20 is completely contained within the holder 19 of the synchronous element 15, 27 and the housing 22 of the component 20 has a pressure plate 22a opposite and this pressure bottom plate 22a. ) Is installed so as to move freely along the longitudinal intermediate axis of the synchronous elements 15, 27 by the spaces 19b of the holder 19 facing each other, so that the pressure contact plate 22a is physically located within the space 19. And a protruding element protruding along the outer edge of the holder 19 of the synchronizing element 15, 27.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR9902837A|2000-02-15|
    KR100676988B1|2007-01-31|
    DE19832729A1|2000-01-27|
    US6186301B1|2001-02-13|
    DE19832729B4|2007-09-06|
    CN1163678C|2004-08-25|
    CN1242481A|2000-01-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1998-07-21|Priority to DE19832729A
    1998-07-21|Priority to DE19832729.3
    1999-07-21|Application filed by 제스 칼스텐센, 마티아스 베커, 아이엔에이 뵐즈라거 쉐플러 오하게
    2000-02-25|Publication of KR20000011865A
    2007-01-31|Application granted
    2007-01-31|Publication of KR100676988B1
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19832729A|DE19832729B4|1998-07-21|1998-07-21|Synchronous body with integrated pressure piece or locking element|
    DE19832729.3|1998-07-21|
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